Vaporizer



June 2, 1925. 1,540,626

L. M. HIGGINS VAPORIZER Filed Sept. 5, 1922 Patented June 2, 1925.

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Application filed September 5, 192-2. Serial No. 586,263.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Lncnan 'MANLY HIG- oINs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Garpinteria, county of Santa Barbara, and State of'Califor11ia,'have invented a new anduseful Vaporizer, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in Vaporizers for internal combustion engines and is designed with particular rel? erence to low compression engines. Its object is to provide means whereby the charge introduced into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine will be affected in such a manner that lower grade fuel can be used than is possible in the present day engines. A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the character described that will insure a clean consumption of the charge without odor or smoke or appreciable deposits of carbon. further object is to so handle low grade fuel, such as distillate and kerosene, that a minimum amount will condense on the cylinder walls.

With these objects in view I have illus' trated the preferred form of my invention in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 represents a bottom plan view of a cylinder head, and Figure 2 a cross section through the same along line 2-2 of Figure 1. While this is the preferred form of my invention I wish to have it understood that many changes or modifications might be made without affecting the spirit of the invention or without leaving the scope of the claims hereto attached.

The cylinder head secured to the cylinder (2) by means of bolts penetrating the holes (3) is shown as comprising a casting having an intake port (5) and an exhaust port (6). The valve (7 controls the intake while the valve (8) controls the exhaust. Both valves are constructed in the ordinary manner, the intake valve (7 beingopened by the suction of the piston and closed by the spring (9), and the exhaust valve being mechanically opened by means of the lever (11) and a cam not shown in the drawing controlling the same, and closed by the spring (12). My invention consists in the grouping of a plurality of pins (15) around the intake valve in such a manner that they form an integral part of the cylinder head and extend into the cylinder sufliciently far to. properly perform their funcof thefirst circle.

tion. I prefer to group them in circular arrangement, the spaces between'them preferably being equal to 'therr'own diameter,

and use a plurality of these circularly -arranged groupsin staggered relation to each other as shown in Figure 1 so that each pin pistoirthc same has to :pass the pins which causes it to be broken up and to be mixed thoroughly. Particular attention is herewith called to the staggered relation of the pins so that the charge, which has been separated by one pin in the first row, is forced around the pin and caused to join again under pressure so as to be able to pass a space in the second row. In this manner the charge is thoroughly mixed by being forced through these groups of pins.

After the engine has been running a short time the pins will absorb the heat caused by the successive explosions within the engine and will transmit this heat to the charge forced through the same. Since these pins are an integral part of the cylinder head they will never become too hot provided they are correctly proportioned but a part of the heat units received by them is transmitted to the cylinder head and passes to the water circulating in the water acket. In this manner a proper temperature of the pins can be maintained so that the charge'by passing through the same is properly heated to a desired temperature which makes it particularly fit to serve as an explosive mixture for the engine.

To distinguish 'my invention from invert tions-patented heretofore I wish to call particular attention to the two-fold function of my pins and of their particular arrange ment consisting in the proper breaking up of the charge admitted through the intake valve and in the heating of the same during the same process. I have found by actual experience that the addition of these pins allows low grade fuel to be successfully used and insures a clean burning of the same without leaving any carbon deposit. Other arrangements tried by me while constituting improvements on the present day engine are not considered quite as successful as the arrangement shown in the drawing, but I wish to state that I have successfully employed rings or flanges around the intake valves,

t should be understoodithat my invention is not confined to the particular construction of engine shown in the drawing but that the same principle applies to side valve construction. In the latter case it may, of course, be necessary only to group the pins about the intake valve in a semicircle and they may be secured either in the cylinder block or the cylinder head or in both.

I claim:

1. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a firing chamber with an inlet valve therein, a plurality of pins secured at one end each to the wall of the firing chamber grouped-around the valve inlet and projecting into the combustion space.

2. In combination with an internal coinbustion engine having a firing chamber with an inlet valve therein, a plurality of pins secured at one end each to the wall of the firing chamber grouped around the valve inlet and projecting into the combustion space, said pins being arranged in staggered rows around the valve inlet.

3. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a firing chamber with an inlet valve therein, a plurality of pins secured at one end each to the Wall of the firing chamber grouped around the valve in let and projecting into the combustion space, said pins being arranged in staggered rows around the valve inlet in a position to break up the incoming gases at their point of entry to the firingchaniber at all open positions of the valve inlet.

'LUCIEN MANLY HIGGINS. 

